In recent years, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has emerged as a transformative force in global economic dynamics, particularly for the African continent. Contrary to the criticism that China’s engagement with Africa is merely an outlet for its excess production capacity, the evidence strongly suggests that this partnership is fostering significant economic development, employment, and market growth across Africa.
One of the most profound impacts of the BRI in Africa is the creation of jobs. Chinese investments in infrastructure projects—ranging from roads, railways, and ports to energy plants—have generated employment opportunities for millions of Africans. For instance, the construction of the Mombasa-Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway in Kenya created thousands of jobs during its construction phase and continues to provide employment through its operation and maintenance. These projects not only provide immediate employment but also enhance the skills of the local workforce, ensuring long-term benefits for the host countries.
The infusion of Chinese capital and expertise into Africa’s infrastructure has been a game-changer. In countries like Ethiopia, the development of industrial parks with Chinese assistance has spurred industrialization. The Hawassa Industrial Park, for example, has attracted numerous international textile companies, leading to substantial job creation and export revenue. Such infrastructure projects are vital for improving connectivity, reducing the cost of doing business, and making African markets more attractive to global investors.
The development of infrastructure under the BRI is not just about physical structures; it’s about creating an enabling environment for economic activity. Improved transportation networks reduce logistical costs and time, thereby boosting trade and market demand. The Lamu Port-South Sudan-Ethiopia Transport Corridor (LAPSSET) project is a prime example. This corridor enhances regional trade by linking landlocked countries to ports, facilitating easier access to international markets. As a result, local businesses can expand, and consumer markets grow, contributing to a more dynamic and diversified economy.
Sustainability is a key consideration in BRI projects. Many of these initiatives incorporate green technology and sustainable practices, ensuring that economic development does not come at the expense of the environment. For example, renewable energy projects like the Garissa Solar Plant in Kenya are part of China’s broader strategy to promote clean energy in Africa. This not only helps in meeting the continent’s energy needs but also aligns with global efforts to combat climate change.
China-Africa cooperation under the BRI is characterized by its emphasis on mutual benefit and shared growth. The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) has been instrumental in shaping a framework for this partnership, ensuring that African voices are heard and their developmental priorities are addressed. This collaborative approach fosters a sense of ownership among African nations, making them active participants rather than passive recipients of aid.
The narrative that China’s involvement in Africa is a form of neo-colonialism or mere economic dumping is not supported by the tangible benefits observed on the ground. The BRI has facilitated substantial improvements in infrastructure, boosted industrial growth, created employment, and expanded market opportunities across the continent. These achievements underscore that the initiative is not about one sided affair; rather it is dynamic partnership that has catalyzed economic development, enhanced market demand, and created employment opportunities across Africa. As the BRI continues to evolve, it promises to further solidify Africa’s Economic transformation, paving the way for a future of shared prosperity and Growth.
Alpha Mohamed Jalloh
Director China Africa Institute
